Abstract: Objective :To explore rapid generation of mature dendritic cells from peripheral bloodmononuclear cells (PBMC) in serum-free medium. Methods :The PBMC of 10 patients with lung can-cer were cultured in DC medium containing 5% AB human serum and in serum- free DC medium. Cy-tokines were added on the fifth day or the seventh day to promote maturation, and the 7-day culturesshowed increased levels of TNF-α. Results :PBMC changed to DCs rapidly in DC medium. In the 9 to 10-day cultures, there was no difference between the two media. In the 7-day cultures, DCs cultured inDC medium alone had higher yield, higher purity, higher levels of costimulatory molecules, and higheractivity than those cultured in DC medium with AB human serum. Conclusion :Clinical grade DCs canbe cultured rapidly in serum-free DC medium and can be used in tumor immunotherapy.