Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the related impact factors of recurrence and reasonable therapeutic regimen of ovarian immature teratoma (OIMT). Methods: The data of treatment and prognosis for 34 patients with OIMT, admitted in our hospital from January 1990 to January 2004, were reviewed. The correlation between the factors, such as clinical stage, pathologic grade, mode of operation, residual focus and postoperative chemotherapy and the time of recurrence was analyzed. Results: The mean followup time was 56.8 months and 28 patients still survived (28/34, 82.4%). The survivals of the Stage-I patients (96.2%) was significantly higher compared to the patients with stage-II and above (33.3%), but there was no significant difference between them. During the follow up, there was no death toll records for 25 patients receiving fertility-preserving surgery. After the initial operation, relapse occurred in 16 cases (16/34, 47.4%), and the mean recurrence time was 9.5 months (1.5 to 17 months). The statistical analysis of multiple regression was conducted for 31 evaluable cases and the re was a significant correlation between the histological grade, postoperative resual focus and chemotherapy and the time of recurrence (P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between the clinical stage and mode of operation and the time of relapse (P<0.05). Conclusions: The thoroughness of the operation and timely and routine postoperative chemotherapy should be highlighted for treatment of the patients with ovarian immature teratoma. The fertility-preserving operation can be performed, no matter the clinical stage, for the young patients with the unilateral ovarian tumor, normal uterus and procreation request.