Abstract: To evaluate the prognostic value of survivin and Bcl - 2 in patients with non- small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Expression of survivin and Bcl- 2 was accessed by immunohistochemical staining on tissue microarray sections, and the results were compared with relevant clinical and pathologic data. Results: Positive rate of cytoplasmic and nuclear survivin in NSCLC was 94.3% and 79.5%, respectively. Positive rate of cytoplasmic and nuclear Bcl- 2 in NSCLC was 54.5% and 42.0%, respectively. Neither survivin nor Bcl - 2 expression was observed in normal lung tissues. There was no correlation between cytoplasmic survivin expression and clinical characteristics, but nuclear survivin expression was higher in smokers (P=0.002). Cytoplasmic Bcl- 2 expression was significantly higher in groups with male, smokers, squamous cell carcinoma and no lymph node involvement(P<0.01), and nuclear Bcl - 2 expression was significantly higher in groups with male, non - smokers, adenocarcinoma and tumor size with T3 and T4 (P<0.05). However, survivin expression was not related with survival. Patients with positive expression of nuclear Bcl- 2 had worse overall survival (P=0.012), whereas positive expression of cytoplasmic Bcl- 2 predicted better overall survival (P=0.005). Multivariate analysis using Cox regression modal showed that neither survivin nor Bcl- 2 was the important independent prognostic factor for survival. Conclusions: These results indicate that survivin highly expresses in NSCLC, so the ubiquitous expression makes it a potential noval parameter for diagnosis, and cytoplasmic and nuclear expression of Bcl- 2 might possess completely opposite prognostic significance in patients with NSCLC.