Abstract: Objective: To evaluated the curative effect of hemopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for patients with a multiple myeloma (MM). Mehods: A retrospective analysis of 16 patients with a stage- Ⅲ Durine- Salmon multiple myeloma (MM), treated with HSCT, was conducted. Thirteen patients received autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Besides, 2 patients with a primary and refractory symptom, 2 with a post- ASCT recurrence and 1 with high- risk MM received allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo- SCT) from matched siblings, among which 4 received conventional myeloabla-tive allogeneic transplantation. Therapeutic reactions to the transplantations were evaluated based on the criteria of NCI/SWOG (before 2004) and EBMT. Results: A total of 20 case- times of ASCT have been completed, without transplantation- related mortality (TRM). All patients have reaction of the AS-CT, with complete remission (CR) in 9 patients and partial remission (PR) in 4. After a 35- month median follow- up (ranging from 6 to 126 months) was conducted for 10 of the 13 patients with a response to chemotherapy before ASCT, and relapse/progression occurred in 3 patients, the median overall survival (OS) have not been obtained (beyond 35 months now ranging from 6 to 119 months) and the median event- free survival (EFS) reached 27 months. Relapse or progression occurred in 3 cases, with stable disease (SD) before ASCT, 11, 7 and 5 months after transplantation, respectively. In the Allo- SCT group, early TRM occurred in 1 cases after pretreatment, complete response (CR) in the other 3, and partial response (PR) in 1. One of the cases died of acute graft- versus- host disease (GVHD) and seri-ous pneumonia 4 months after transplantation, and survival rates of the other 3 were 39, 41 and 14 months, respectively, among which EFS remained in the last patient. Conclusion: Our data shows that the ASCT is a safe and feasible treatment on the MM, which can significantly prolong the EFS and OS.Although ASCT is a useful salvage therapy for refractory MM, the EFS is transient. Thalidomide- based treatment, before and after ASCT, can improve the OR, PFS and OS. Allo- SCT may have a good thera-peutic reaction on the patients with high- risk, relapse and refractory symptoms.