Abstract: Objective: Testicular lymphoma is a rare occurrence in the category of testicular malignancies. Conversely, primary lymphoma of the testis is rare as a subset of the lymphoma category. The purpose of this study is to analyze the clinicopathologic features and treatment modalities for pa- tients with primary testicular lymphoma, and to review literature that includes the latest reports. Methods: From 1990 to 2005, 30 patients were diagnosed with primary testicular lymphoma in our center.Data from the patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Median age of the patients was 57.5 years (3 - 79), among which unilateral primary testicular tumor occurred in 25 cases and bilateral occurred in 5 cases. Patients diagnosed with disease of Stage IE or IIE comprised 86.7% of the cohort.Diffuse large B- cell lymphoma and peripheral T- cell lymphoma (non- specified) were found in 23 patients (76.7%) and 4 patients (13.3%), respectively. All of the patients underwent orchiectomy. Post- or-chiectomy follow- up treatment included CHOP- like chemotherapy in 23 cases and radiotherapy following chemotherapy in 8 cases. Of the 8 patients who were given radiotherapy, 5 received scrotum and contralateral testis irradiation. Twenty- one patients achieved CR/Cru and 3 achieved PR. With a median follow- up of 27.9 months, the 5- year OS and progression- free survival (PFS) were 42.3% and 30.3%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that pathological subtype and IPI score had an effect on prognosis. Conclusion: Primary non- Hodgkin lymphoma should be treated with multi- modality strategies. Treatment with doxorubicin- based chemotherapy after orchiectomy is recommended. CNS prophylaxis and contralateral testis irradiation can decrease the probability for recurrence in the two sites.