Abstract: With the widespread use of bisphosphonates (BPs), osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ)caused by the BPs is becoming the focus of adverse drug events. The development of ONJ has beenclosely correlated to the types of drugs used and the duration of administration. The incidence of ONJ ishigh and the disease is incurable, so early diagnosis and prevention of ONJ is very important. Themechanism, clinical manifestations and the principles for treatment and prevention of ONJ are reviewed.