Abstract: Objective: To systematically analyze and summarize the diagnosis of non-thyroidal mass of the neck (NTMN) by means of a newclassification system using a large sample size. Methods: A total of 3125 NTMN cases were selected to determine the constituent ratio of NTMN. The distribution of various diseases was analyzed and investigated based on updated international classifications, and then research on related clinical features of the NTMN, such as sex and age etc., was conducted with a monographic analysis for unknown primary cervical metastatic carcinoma(UPCMC), multinodular NTMN and tuberculous lymphadenitis. Results: Sixty-eight categories were included in the study. In the constituent ratio of all NTMN cases, the metastatic malignant tumors accounted for 63.3% of all cases with malignant disease, and the metastatic carcinoma cases with a primary focus at or above the collar bone accounted for 62.3% of all cases with malignant disease with a definite focus. Other results basically supported the "rule of 80%". There were definite characteristics of NTMN distributed in various sub-regions. For example, malignant lymphoma and metastatic carcinoma were most frequently seen in 23 categories of diseases of the sub-region Ⅲ. Monographic study showed that the UPCMC cases accounted for 12.3% of the metastatic cancer cases. Multiple NTMN was mainly composed of the lympho- , varied metastatic carcinomas and tubercular lymphadenitis, etc. In the cases of tuberculous lymphadenitis, that without tubercular toxic symptoms constituted 77.1% of the total. Conclusion: NTMN has a complex constitution and various manifestations, and its diagnosis is also difficult. The constituent ratio partially backed up "the rule of 80%". There are peculiar distributions of disease in the sub-regions. The summary of the contents, such as the sex-age rate, UPCMC, multiple and nodular NTMN, malignant lymphoma and tuberculous lymphadenitis, etc., reflects various clinical features including the onset of NTMN in the area.