Abstract: Objective: To explore the value of ThinPrep bronchial brushing cytology in the sub-classification of lung cancer. Methods: Data from a total of 1365 patients who underwent ThinPrep bronchial brushing cytology examination were collected and the related clinical and pathological data were analyzed. Results: There were 969 patients with clinical or/and pathological diagnosis. The sensi-tivity and specificity of ThinPrep bronchial brushing cytology were 82.7% and 96.2%, respectively. The accordant rate of cytology in subclassification was 94.8% in squamous cell carcinoma, 92.3% in adeno-carcinoma and 97.4% in small cell lung cancer. In the 23 incorrectly subclassified cases, 22 (95.7%)were poorly differentiated carcinomas, and in the 258 non- subclassified cases 153 (59.3%) were poorly differentiated carcinomas. Conclusion: ThinPrep bronchial brushing cytology has good sensitivity and specificity in the typing and diagnosis of lung cancer, but its value in the diagnosis of poorly differentiated carcinomas is limited.