Abstract: In recent years, in the medical and health field, the research method of generating real world evidence (RWE) using real-world data has gained increasing attention and recognition in the areas of drug research and development, approval, and expansion of indications. In addition, it has become an important development direction of evidence-based medicine to discover authentic and high-quality RWE. In this review, recent articles on real world research/study (RWS) of colorectal cancer at home and abroad were introduced. Moreover, the results of the meta-analysis of RWS and its corresponding randomized controlled trials (RCT) were compared and evaluated to elaborate on the characteristics, research methods, and advantages of RWS compared with traditional studies, and the condition of RWS application in the field of colorectal cancer was summarized. On this basis, the value and prospects of RWS in clinical research on colorectal cancer were summarized, providing new ideas for researchers in the future.