Abstract:
Gastric cancer (GC) is malignant digestive tract tumor with high morbidity and rapid progression. With advancements in surgical resection, chemotherapy and targeted therapies, the five-year survival rate of GC patients has improved moderately. The prognosis of GC remains poor, given that metastasis has already occurred in most patients at the time of diagnosis because of the lack of effective early diagnostic methods. Thus, elucidating the mechanisms underlying GC metastasis has become an important research focus. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles known to transport nucleic acids, proteins and other molecules, thereby transmitting information between cells. Recent studies have revealed that exosomes are involved in GC metastasis and maybe useful molecular markers for GC diagnosis; thus, they represent a novel avenue for developing precise cancer treatments. This review briefly summarizes the roles of exosomes in GC metastasis and the mechanisms underlying these roles.