Blinatumomab治疗不同年龄段新诊断急性B淋巴细胞白血病的研究进展

Research progress on the treatment of newly diagnosed B cell-acute lymphocytic leukemia in different age groups with Blinatumomab

  • 摘要: 近年来,鉴于Blinatumomab在治疗难治/复发性(relapsed/refractory,R/R)急性B淋巴细胞白血病(B cell-acute lymphoblastic leukemia,B-ALL)及微小残留病变(minimal residual disease,MRD)阳性B-ALL中的良好效果,各国学者对其在B-ALL早期治疗中的作用开展了广泛研究,Blinatumomab作为儿童B-ALL患者巩固治疗或强化化疗的替代治疗有堪比标准化疗的疗效;其作为早期巩固治疗或联合化疗/靶向治疗,可显著改善成人B-ALL患者预后,尤其是Blinatumomab联用第3代酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(tyrosine kinase inhibitors,TKIs),可减少费城染色体阳性(philadelphia chromosome-positive,Ph+)B-ALL患者对异基因造血干细胞移植(allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,allo-HSCT)的依赖;对于老年患者,Blinatumomab较化疗更为温和、安全及有效;KMT2A重排婴儿B-ALL尚无有效疗法,现有研究初步证实,Blinatumomab有望在此类患者的治疗中取得突破进展。本文对Blinatumomab在新诊断B-ALL中的研究进展进行综述。

     

    Abstract: In recent years, interest in exploring the potential of Blinatumomab for treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) at earlier stages has grown. This is because Blinatumomab has shown promising results in the management of refractory/relapsed (R/R) B-ALL and minimal residual disease (MRD). Blinatumomab has shown comparable efficacy to that of conventional chemotherapy as an alternative to consolidation or intensive chemotherapy in pediatric B-ALL patients. Moreover, its use as consolidation therapy or in combination with chemotherapy/targeted therapy, especially in combination with third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), shows significant promise for improving prognosis for adult B-ALL patients. This may potentially reduce reliance on allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) B-ALL patients. Moreover, Blinatumomab is safer, gentler, and more effective than chemotherapy for older adult patients. Effective therapy options are not yet available for infants with KMT2A rearrangement B-ALL; however, preliminary research indicates that Blinatumomab may offer a breakthrough for this subgroup. In this article, we review progress in investigations of Blinatumomab use in newly diagnosed B-ALL patients.

     

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