超声联合载药微泡改善肿瘤微环境增强免疫疗效的研究进展

Research progress in ultrasound combined with drug-loaded microbubbles to improve tumor microenvironment and enhance immunotherapy efficacy

  • 摘要: 近年来,免疫疗法在恶性肿瘤的治疗中显示出巨大潜力,然而肿瘤微环境(tumor microenvironment,TME)通常具有抑制免疫反应的特征,因此仅有部分患者从免疫治疗中获益。超声联合载药微泡技术能够利用其介导的空化和声孔效应,通过直接杀伤肿瘤细胞、诱导肿瘤细胞坏死和凋亡;促进肿瘤抗原呈递,增强机体对肿瘤抗原识别;调节TME免疫抑制状态,重塑免疫微环境;调控血管正常化,降低肿瘤间质液压;同时促进目的药物或基因在肿瘤组织中渗透等多重免疫机制来增强免疫疗效。本文就低强度超声联合载药微泡改善TME、提高肿瘤免疫疗效方面的应用进行综述。

     

    Abstract: Immunotherapy has recently shown significant potential in treating malignant tumors. However, the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME) limits the number of patients who benefit from this approach. Combining ultrasound with drug-loaded microbubble technology can directly induce tumor cell death through cavitation and pore-forming effects; this promotes tumor antigen presentation and enhances immune recognition of these antigens. This strategy also modulates the immunosuppressive state of the tumor microenvironment, making it more conducive to an effective immune response. It also normalizes blood vessels and reduces interstitial fluid pressure within the tumor, as well as helps therapeutic agents or genes to penetrate tumor tissues, thereby enhancing overall immune efficacy. This review examines the use of low-intensity ultrasound combined with drug-loaded microbubbles to improve the tumor microenvironment and boost tumor immune responses.

     

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