结直肠腺瘤患者肠道菌群结构发生改变

Changes in the intestinal microbiota structure of patients with colorectal adenoma

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 探讨结直肠腺瘤（colorectal adenoma，CRA）患者与非CRA人群肠道菌群构成的差异，筛选与CRA密切相关的肠道微生物种属。
    方法 采用横断面研究，纳入2021年3月至2022年3月在天津市南开中西医结合医院行肠镜检查的168例受试者，年龄范围40～75岁，其中包括100例CRA患者，以及68例非CRA人群。采集粪便样本，通过Illumina NovaSeq平台对细菌16S rRNA基因的V3-V4高变区进行扩增和测序。
    结果 与非CRA组相比，CRA组毛螺菌科（Lachnospiraceae）及毛螺菌科下未识别属相对丰度降低，粪杆菌属（Faecalibacterium）和链球菌属（Streptococcus）相对丰度增加。非CRA组中粪球菌属（Coprococcus）、梭菌科（Clostridiaceae）下未识别属和梭菌属（Clostridium）丰度较高。LEfSe分析显示，CRA组在Gamma变形菌门（Gammaproteobacteria）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、肠杆菌目（Enterobacteriales）和粪杆菌属（Faecalibacterium）表现出明显的富集。非CRA组主要富集莫拉菌科（Moraxellaceae）、不动杆菌属（Acinetobacter）和Anaerostipes。
    结论 CRA患者与非CRA人群的肠道菌群存在差异，CRA可能与Faecalibacterium和Streptococcus等致病菌的富集有关。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To investigate gut microbiota differences between individuals with and without colorectal adenoma (CRA) and to identify gut microbes associated with CRA.
    Methods This cross-sectional study analyzed the gut microbiota of 100 patients with CRA and 68 individuals without CRA (aged 40–75 years) who underwent colonoscopies between March 2021 and March 2022 at Tianjin Nankai Hospital. Fecal samples were sequenced for the V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina NovaSeq platform.
    Results Compared to the non-CRA group, the CRA group exhibited reduced relative abundances of identified and unidentified Lachnospiraceae, with increased Faecalibacterium and Streptococcus. In the non-CRA group, the relative abundances of Coprococcus, unidentified Clostridiaceae, and Clostridium were higher. LEfSe analysis revealed significant enrichment of Gammaproteobacteria, Proteobacteria, Enterobacteriales, and Faecalibacterium in the CRA group, while the non-CRA group was enriched for Moraxellaceae, Acinetobacter, and Anaerostipes.
    Conclusions These findings suggest a discernible disparity in the gut microbiota structure between CRA patients and individuals without adenoma. The enrichment of potential pathogenic taxa, such as Faecalibacterium and Streptococcus, in the CRA group suggests a possible association with adenoma development.

     

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