Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignancy of the digestive tract in China; it exhibits aggressive progression that is closely associated with tumor microenvironment (TME) modulation. Tumor-associated macrophages, which are pivotal immunomodulatory components of the TME, demonstrate remarkable functional heterogeneity. Among these, secreted phosphoprotein 1-positive tumor-associated macrophages (SPP1⁺TAMs) represent a distinct subset with well-characterized protumorigenic properties. Evidence indicates that SPP1⁺TAMs exhibit a unique spatial distribution pattern in CRC tissues, with pronounced enrichment at the invasive tumor front and metastatic niches. Through the secretion of SPP1 and other effector molecules, this subset orchestrates multifaceted oncogenic processes, including tumor cell adhesion, migration, angiogenesis, and metastatic dissemination. This review systematically elucidates the spatial distribution, molecular regulatory mechanisms, and clinical implications of SPP1⁺TAMs in CRC, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for developingnovel diagnostic biomarkers and targeted therapeutic strategies.