Abstract: Objective:To evaluate the influence of site, origin, pathological grade of glioma, surgical meth -od, and postoperative treatment on the survival of patients with glioma. Methods:A total of 56patients with gli -oma proven by surgery and pathology treated in Southwest Hospital between July 2000 and May 2007 were followed up. Statistical analyses were performed to study the relationship between patient survival and patho -logical grade or origin of glioma. Results: Of all the subjects, 48cases had gliomas located in the cerebral lobe. The postoperative 1- and 3-year survival rates for these patients were 43.8% and 12.5%, respectively. The postoperative1- and 3-year survival rates were 100 % and 66.7% in the 6 cases with tumors in the cere-bellum. Patients who received total tumor removal using surgical microscopy had satisfactory 1- and 5-year survival rates of61.1% and 38.9%, respectively. The1- and 5-year survival rates were 61.1% and 38.9%, re-spectively, in patients who received sub-total resection and 18.8% and 0% , respectively, in patients who re-ceived partial resection or biopsy alone. The1- and 5 year survival rates were 68.8% and 28.1% in patients with WHO grade Ⅰor Ⅱastrocytomas, and 13.6% and 0% in patients with WHO grade III or IV astrocyto-mas. The1- and 5- year survival rates were 16.7% and 63.6% in patients who received surgery alone, 71.4% and 78.6% in patients who were treated with surgery plus radiotherapy,0% and 27.3% in patients who had surgery plus chemotherapy, and 14.3% and 42.9% in patients who received surgery plus radiotherapy and chemotherapy. These results suggest that patients with high grade glioma had a shorter survival time. Pa -tients with glioma in the cerebellum had a longer survival time than those with glioma located in the cerebral hemisphere and thalamus. The extent of tumor excision is the most important modifiable factor for survival time. Patients with total tumor resection using surgical microscopy experienced a longer survival time than those patients who had partial resection or biopsy. Survival time was also significantly prolonged by postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Conclusions: The pathological grades and origin of glioma, the extent of surgical excision and postoperative treatment influences the survival time of patients with glioma. The most important factors for improving the prognosis are total tumor resection and postoperative therapy.