Abstract: Objective: In this study, cervicovaginal specimens were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for gain of chromosome 3q26.3 containing hTERC in variational cervical lesions. FISH findings were compared with the cytologic and histologic diagnoses. Methods:Slides were prepared from 100 liquid-based preparations from the cervix. One hundred cases of CIN/SCCA and 20cases of normal cervix were analyzed for aberrations of 3q26using a commercial -ly available two-color FISH probe. The results of the cytologic analysis and those of concurrent or subsequent biopsies, when available, were compared with the FISH-detected 3q26abnormalities.Results: Gain of3q26was significantly associ-ated with the cytologic diagnosis ( P<0.01). The number of cells with amplification of the hTERC gene was ( 8.22± 4.34), (10.54± 4.12), (12.21± 4.29), (18.62± 5.74) and (18.33± 4.73), respectively. Patients with HSIL or SCCA cytology diagnoses had significantly higher percentages of cells with 3q26gain than patients with NILM or ASC-US cytologic diagnoses. The number of cells with amplification of hTERC gene was (8.56± 3.14), (11.61± 4.10), (14.86± 3.11), (21.44± 5.55) and (4.10±1.71), respectively, in CIN 1 group, CIN 2 Group, CIN3 group and control group, with a significant difference (P<0.01). Conclusion: FISH can be performed on cervicovaginal liquid-based preparations to detect gain of 3q26. Gain of hTERC gene is associated with increased severity of the cytological and pathological diagnoses. This test may be a useful adjunct to cytolo-gy screening and molecular cytogenetic detection, especially in high-risk patients.