Abstract: Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment regimens of primary retroperitone -al sarcoma. Methods:The data of 134 primary retroperitoneal sarcoma patients treated between January1999 and July 2010 were collected and analyzed using SPSS 13.0 statistical software. Results: Abdominal mass was the most common symptom of primary retroperitoneal sarcoma. The overall 5-year survival rate was 37.8% . The5-year survival rate of pa -tients with radical resection and palliative resection was 46.5% and 6.7%, respectively, while the3-year survival rate of pa -tients with only explorative surgery was 0. Conclusion: Radical resection is the most effective treatment for primary retroperi-toneal sarcoma, and the roles of chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be identified with more research in the future.