Abstract: Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and the toxicity of 1-( 4-amino-2-methyl- 5-pyrimidinyl )-methyl-3-( 2-cholroeth-yl )- 3-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU)administered with cisplatin by intravenous infusion for 72h in patients with recurrent glio-blastoma. Methods:The efficacy and toxicity of ACNU and cisplatin combination chemotherapy were compared with those of temo -zolomide. Twenty-five patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme were treated with ACNU and cisplatin through intravenous infu -sion for 72h. Twenty-five patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme were treated with TMZ( temozolomide ). The treatment re -sponse was evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ). Complete blood counts, liver function test, and blood urea-nitrogen/creatinine were tested every week. If side effects occurred after chemotherapy, they were managed immediately. The living states of the patients were observed during the relatively long follow-up period. Results:Response to treatment was observed in 14patients ( 56% ), 8 patients ( 32% ) had stable disease ( SD ), and3 patients ( 12% ) showed progression ( PD ). Myelosuppression was severe ( grade Ⅲ/Ⅳleukopenia in 11 patients ( 44% ) and grade III/IV thrombocytopenia in 14patients ( 56% ), but most recovered after the chemothera-py cycles. There was no treatment-related death. The short-term effect of the ACNU and cisplatin combination chemotherapy was better than temozolomide therapy ( P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in 1-year survival rate between the two groups ( P <0.05). Conclusion:ACNU and cisplatin chemotherapy can be an effective salvage therapy for recurrent glioblastoma patients. Severe myelosuppression by the chemotherapy regimen was the greatest side effect, but was manageable.