Abstract: Bladder cancer is one of the most common urothelial tumors.Bladder cancer can be categorized as non–muscular invasive bladder cancer, muscular-invasive bladder cancer(MIBC), or metastatic bladder cancer.Patients with non-muscular invasive bladder cancer suffer from a high rate of recurrence and disease progression(10% to 30%).Current staging and grading systems fail to provide accurate prognoses of most MIBCs, which have complicated biological behaviors.Over the past few years, comprehensive developments on molecular mechanisms concerning the onset and progression of tumors have enabled the discovery of a host of tumor molecular markers that could be used for the diagnosis and prognosis of MIBC.These markers may not only provide suggestions on the prognoses of MIBC patients but also help determine appropriate therapeutic methods, such as bladder-conserved chemo-radiotherapy, neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, and cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy.We aim to summarize the molecular markers that affect the prognosis of MIBCs in this review article.