Abstract: The functions and roles of EphA2 receptor and ephrinA1 ligand in different cell types are correlated with the development and maintenance of gliomas.Moreover, their functions in tumorigenesis and tumor progression are complex and dependent on the type and microenvironment of tumor cells.These variables affect the expression of EphA2 and ephrinA1 proteins, the pathways through which they induce cell signaling transduction, and the corresponding consequences of that signaling on biological behaviors.The function of the EphA2 and ephrinA1 system is expected to be the new target of medicinal treatment for cerebral gliomas.