Abstract: Pituitary adenoma, a benign intracranial tumor, is the third most common brain tumor, second only to glioma and meningioma. Pituitary adenoma has been defined as a benign tumor, but some pituitary adenomas can invade the surrounding tissue. Thism tumor is difficult to resect and can easily recur after surgery. RWD-containing sumoylation enhancer (RSUME) can stabilize the activity of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and inhibitor kappaB by the small ubiquitin-related modifiers. This phenomenon indicates the importance of RSUME in pituitary adenoma because it promotes the invasiveness of the tumor. However, the correlation between RSUME and the invasion of pituitary adenoma remains unclear. In this study, the roles of RSUME on HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway and IκB/NF-κB compomers in the invasiveness of pituitary adenoma were reviewed.