Abstract: Surgery is the main treatment of esophageal cancer. Esophagectomy by right transthoracic approach is recently recom -mended in China. Minimally invasive esophagectomy is feasible and safe with low perioperative morbidity and offers results that are as good as open thoractomy. Multimodal treatment, especially neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy or chemotherapy, may improve surviv -al and has become one of the standard treatments for locally advanced esophageal cancer. Fast- track esophagectomy may reduce length of hospital stay, perioperative morbidity, and hospital charges. The surgery of esophageal cancer tends to be minimally invasive, individual, comprehensive, and standardized.