Objective  To analyze the pathogenesis, clinicopathological characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of the malakoplakia forthe purpose of avoiding misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.

  Methods  Clinicopathological features of four malakoplakia patients admitted to the Shanxi Cancer Hospital from March 2007 to March 2017 were studied by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and specific stain technology, combining with a review of literature.

  Results  The onset age of the 4 patients(two males and two females)ranged 56-76 years(median: 63 years).Two patients had malakoplakia in bladder; one patient had malakoplakia in bilateral ureters; and one case had malakoplakia in right pelvic.One patient has a history of systematic lupus erythematosis and diabetes.Malakoplakiais characterized by the accumulation of foam cells and concentrically-layered basophilic inclusions called Michaelis-Gutmann(M-G)bodies.The foam cells were positive for CD68 and PGM-1 by immunohistochemistry, indicating its derivation from the histocyte.M-Gbodies were positive for periodic acid-Schiff reaction, iron, and calcium by specific staining technology.

  Conclusion  Malakoplakia is arare inflammatory condition and a common urinary tract disease, but it may involve any organ with non-specific symptoms and canform tumor-like nodules that clinically simulate malignancy in various organs.Clinicopathological features can be used as diagnosticmarkers in malakoplakia diagnosis through specific stain technology.