Objective  To study the expression of coagulation factor Ⅲ in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with hypercoagulability and its clinical significance, and to explore the relationship between its expression level and the clinicopathological features and the survival period.

  Methods  There were 74 patients with NSCLC with hypercoagulability and 42 without hypercoagulability, confirmed using pathological and biochemical tests in Yunnan Cancer Hospital from January 2013 to October 2014. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect the expression of serum coagulation factor Ⅲ and its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis was analyzed.

  Results  Serum coagulation factor Ⅲ level in patients with hypercoagulable NSCLC before chemotherapy was 560.32-200.34 ng/L, which was significantly higher than that in patients without hypercoagulability (463.29- 159.22 ng/L) (P=0.008), and significantly higher than that in patients after chemotherapy (471.39±160.31 ng/L) (P=0.000). Serum coagulation factor Ⅲ level in patients with hypercoagulable state of NSCLC was related to lymph node metastasis (P=0.026), distant metastasis (P=0.025), and tumor-node-metastasis staging (P=0.007). They were negatively correlated with prothrombin time (r=?0.638, P= 0.032) and activated partial thromboplastin time (r=?0.702, P=0.028), and positively correlated with fibrinogen (r=0.715, P=0.008) and platelets (r=0.597, P=0.007). The 1- to 3-year overall survival of patients with NSCLC with high coagulation factor Ⅲ expression was significantly lower than that of patients with low coagulation factor Ⅲ expression.

  Conclusions  The expression level of serum coagulation factor Ⅲ in patients with high coagulation state of NSCLC is related to lymph node metastasis and TNM staging, which has certain guiding significance for predicting the survival of patients.