Abstract: Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by genetic heterogeneity and is a common secondary hematological malignancy. Many studies have revealed that variation in the number of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is related to the degree of MM malignancy. Advances in molecular biology technologies, such as fluorescence in situ hybridization, high-throughput sequencing, gene microarrays, and qRT-PCR, have furthered research into cytogenetic malfunction in MM. Eleven newly discovered lncRNAs in MM have been fully interpreted according to the different mechanisms of MM and have the potential to be promising biomarkers for MM diagnosis and therapy.