Objective  To construct a nomogram for predicting the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival of patients with rhabdomyosarcoma.

  Methods  We retrieved data of patients diagnosed with rhabdomyosarcoma from The National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 1975 and 2016. After screening, 861 eligible patients were selected. The univariate Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox model were used to determine independent prognostic factors, which were then utilized to construct a nomogram to predict 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival of patients with rhabdomyosarcoma. The resulting nomogram was internally verified using the consistency index (C-index) to measure its predictive accuracy.

  Results  Patient age, tumor histology, tumor grade, stage of the disease, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for patients with rhabdomyosarcoma (P < 0.05). Based on these factors, the nomogram was successfully constructed. The C-index value for internal validation of the nomogram was 0.776, and the calibration curves of the model were consistent.

  Conclusions  The proposed nomogram is a reliable tool for accurate prognostic prediction in patients with rhabdomyosarcoma. It could be helpful for clinicians to individualize diagnosis, assess prognosis, and guide treatment plans for rhabdomyosarcoma patients.