Abstract: The treatment of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been advancing slowly. Etoposide, combined with platinum-based agents, and topotecan as the first-line and second-line treatment options for SCLC, respectively, have been used for more than 30 years, and the third-line and subsequent treatments have not been standardized. Therefore, new treatments are urgently needed to improve the management of SCLC. Recently, advances in immunotherapy, novel chemotherapeutic agents, and small molecule antiangiogenic drugs have facilitated breakthroughs in the field of SCLC, and new standards of treatment for SCLC have been established. With the understanding of the molecular mechanism of SCLC, the molecular subtypes of SCLC have been preliminarily established, and the exploration of the strategies for molecular typing and treatment has begun. This review summarizes the recent advances in the treatment of SCLC.