Abstract: Thyroid carcinoma is one of the most common cancers around the world. During the past ten years, thenubmer of patients suffering thyroid carcinoma has grown rapidly. The calcification which is frequently dis-cribed in ultrasonography can be observed in both benign and malignant tumors. With the wide application ofhigh-frequency ultrasound and Doppler color flow imaging, ultrasound has become one of the most importantimaging examinations in the preoperative assessment of thyriod diseases. The calcifications seen in imagingexaminations play significant roles in the clinical diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Retrospecive studies reveal thatmicrocalcification has the highest specificity of 96.74%, and even 100% in diagnosing papillary thyroid carcino-ma.Patients younger than 45 years with thyroid nodules have a high possibility (more than 50%) of develop-ing malignancies. We reviewed the recent progress in research of thyroid carcinoma and ultrasound detectionof thyroid calcification.