Abstract: Angiogenesis, growth, invasion and metastasis of cancer involve a multi-factorial process. Tumor growthand metastasis depend on tumor angiogenesis. Antiangiogenesis is a new strategy for cancer therapy. Endo-statin is a recently discovered endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis. In vivo and in vitro experiments haveshown that Endostatin can specifically target endothelial cells, inhibiting proliferation and migration and induc-ing apoptosis. The antitumor mechanism of Endostatin and its signal transduction pathway are not yet thor-oughly elucidated. Endostatin level is related to tumor condition and is considered a prognostic indicator. En-dostatin can enhance the antitumor effect of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy and decreasetheir adverse effects. In the past several years, there have been many reports on Endostatin therapy fornon-small cell lung cancer. We review the progress of the research on the structure of Endostatin and itsmechanism, as well as its use in preclinical and clinical trials for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.