Abstract: Objective : To study the relationship of serum HGF content and survival on NSCLCpatients. Methods : We measured serum HGF content in 12 normal healthy people and 12 lung benigndisease patients, and 54 NSCLC patients using ELISA to determine the variation of HGF content beforeoperation and at day 1,3,7,14 pos-surgery. Results : HGF content in lung cancer patients (470.7+378.4pg/ml) is significantly higher than that of normal healthy people(223.3193pg/ml) and lung benigndisease patients(189.0+170.1pg/ml) (P<0.05). The content is unrelated to pathological types,differentia-tion situation and lymph node metastasis. 46 patients have underwent 2 years following-up, of which,16 patients died and their serum HGF contents are significantly higher than that of 30 survivors (P<0.05). The overall survival of 21 patients whose serum HGF level are higher than 400pg/ml are signifi-candy higher than that of patients whose serum HGF level are lower than 400pg/ml (P<0.05). Pos-perational serum HGF content in 66 patients who underwent surgical operation increased significantly,peaked at day 3 after operation. HGF content of lung cancer patients at day 3 pos-peration are sig-nificantly higher than that of lung benign disease patients (P<0.05). Serum HGF content of survivorsduring the follow-up period gradually decreased at day 7 and day 14 after operation, but serum HGFcontent of 16 dead patients at day 14 after operation is still significantly higher than that before opera-tion (P<0.05). Conclusions : ElevatedserunHGF level predictsmoreaggressive biology in lung cancer.Serum HGF level can he used as a high-risk indicator in early stage lung cancer patients. HGF contentat week 2 after operation has significance for predicting prognosis. 400pg/ml of serum HGF content canhe expectahly used as a reference value of poor prognostic indicator.