Abstract: Objective : To study the relationship between E R K and microvessel count, Investigate its effect in the development of rectal carcinoma. Methods : Western blot was used to measure the expression of ERK-1 and ERK-2, immunohistochemistry was used to count the microvessel in 62 rectal carcinoma. Results : ERK-1、 ERK-2 protein levels and microvessel count were increased in the rectal carcinoma compared with those in normal tissues. Conclusion : Overexpression of E R K may increase the level of vascular endothelial growth factor and microvessel count, playing an important role in the development of rectal carcinoma.