Abstract: Objective :To study the relationship between cholelithiasis and colorectal cancer. Methods :One hundred ninety-eight cases with colorectal cancer were patients who came from Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University during January of 2002 and August of 2003 and had been pathologically diagnosed.The controls containing 216 cases were healthy check-up personnel that came from the same region and the same period. Cholelithiasis was detected by ultrasound. Their incidences of cholelithiasis were calculated and contrasted, and other factors such as age and sex and the position of cancer were considered respectively. Results :The incidence of cholelithiasis in colorectal cancer group was 17.17,(34/198) and was remarkably higher than 9.26,(20/216) in the control group (X²=5.71 P<0.05).And the difference was influenced by age,in the cases older than 60 years the incidence of cholelithiasis in the two group was significant different 24.04 (25/104) in the colorectal cancer group higher than 13.27Y(15/113) in the control group (X²=4.17 P<0.05),while in the cases younger than 60 years this difference disappeared.In the colorectal cancer group sex and position of cancer would not influence the incidence of cholelithiasis. Conclusions :The results mean that the exist of cholelithiasis was not a isolated illness,its long existence will increase the fatalness of occurrence of colorectal cancer.