Abstract: Objective :To investigate the effect of intra-arterial influsion chemotherapy on apoptosis and proliferation in squamous carcinoma of the cervix. Methods :Cervical tissues in normal cervix group, cervical cancer group before intra-arterial influsion chemotherapy and after intra-arterial influsion chemotherapy were examined and 30 cases were involved in each group. Apoptosis index (AI) was detected by DNA in situterminal leoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL).67 labeling index (LI) was detected by SP immunohistochemical technique. The rate of AI/LI was analyzed. Results : 1) Apoptosis index (AI) in cervical cancer group before intra-arterial influsionchemotherapy was significantly lower than that after intra-arterial influsion chemotherapy (P<0.05). 2)67 labeling index (LI) in cervical cancer group befc)二intra-arterial influsion chemotherapy was significantly higher than that after intra-arterial influsion chemotherapy (P<0.05). 3) The rate of AI/LI in cervical cancer group before intra-arterial influsion chemotherapy was lower than that in normal cervix group, the rate of AI/LI in cervical cancer group after intra-arterial influsion chemotherapy was higher than that in normal cervix group. The rate of AI/LI in cervical cancer group after intra-arterial influsion chemotherapy was higher than that before intra-arterial influsion chemotherapy (P<0.05). Conclusions :Interventional chemotherapy can induce apoptosis of human cervical cancer cells and inhibit the proliferation. The rate of AI/LI can express the balance of cell apoptosis and proliferation.