Abstract: To report the diagnosis and treatment of the 5 cases with bilateral renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and to review the literature for preliminary investigation on diagnosis and treatment of RCC. Methods: There were five cases of bilateral RCC in this group. The tumors were diag nosed with B-US, CT and MRI, and the radical nephrectomy, partial nephrectomy and tumor enucleanon were performed. Results: There were 14 masses, which were more than 1 cm in diameter, proved by pathology in this group, ten masses of 4 cases being clear cell RCC and 4 masses of one case being granular cell RCC. In three of the patients there were 2 masses and there were 4 masses in the other two. Of which, there were 3 patients with bilateral synchronous RCC and 2 patients with a synchronous RCC (span 6-13 years). Two patients were missed diagnosis in examination and surgery. Conclusion: Bilateral RCC is by no means rare. For patients of bilateral RCC, it is appropriate to choose radical nephrectomy, partial nephrectomy and tumor enucleation on the basis of the patient's condition, in order to reserve proper renal function.