Abstract: Objective :To evaluate the therapeutic effects of late course accelerated hyperfractionanon stereotactic conformal radiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma. Methods :One hundred and fifty-five patients with squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus were randomized into two groups: 75 patients were divided into the convention fractionation radiotherapy group and 80 the LCAHF SRT group. The patients of CF group received a total dose of 60 to 70Gy, at 2Gy daily, 5 days per week. While, in the LCAHF group, all patients first received a mean dose of 40Gy/4wks followed by 24Gy/16fs/1.Swks, 1.SGy/fs, twice daily. DT 64Gy/36fs/S.Swks were delivered. Results :The 1-2-3-year survivals rate were 54.7%, 42.7%, 25.3% in the CF, and 83.8%, 61.3%, 41.3% in the LCAHF, respectively. The 1-2-3-year local control rate were 54.7%, 46.7%, 30.7% in the CF, and 81.3%, 63.8%, 53.8% in the LCAHF, respectively. The difference was significant (P<0.05). There was no significant differences on acute complications or specific sequelae between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions :The results from this study show that the late course accelerated hyperfractionation stereotactic conformal radiotherapy can improve the survival rate and local control rate of esophageal carcinoma, without increasing any untoward radioreactions or complications.