Abstract: Objective :To study the clinical significance of tumor markers combined assay in the differential diagnosis of primary endometrial and cervical adenocarcinomas. Methods :A tissue microarray was constructed using paraffin-embeded, formalin-fixed tissues from 61 hysterectomy specimens. Among them, 35 cases were endometrial adenocarcinomas, 26 cases were cervical adenocarcinomas.Tissue array sections were immunostained with four commercially available antilx>dies (vimentin, ER, CK8/CK18, CEA) utilizing the avidin-biotin (ABC) tichnique. Positive rate was count respectively. Results :Positive rates of vimentin, ER, CI/8/CI/18, CEA in endometrial adenocarcinomas were 74.3%,54.3%,91.4% and 40.0%,respectively; the positive rates in cervical adenocarcinomas were 11.5%, 11.5%, 50.0% and 92.3%, respectively. The positive rates of vimentin, ER, CK8/CIK18 in endometrial adenocarcinomas were higher significantly than those in cervical adenocarcinomas (P<0.005), the positive rate of CEA in endometrial adenocarcinomas was lower significantly than that in cervical adenocarcinomas (P<0.005). When combined together, the diagnostic consistency of combined assays with vimentin+ER+CK8/ CK18+CEA was the same as the combined assays with vimentin+ CK8/CK18+CEA (the total was 93.4%, endometrial adenocarcinomas was 91.4%, cervical adenocarcinomas was 96.2%). Both were higher than that of combined assays with vimentin+ER+CEA (the total was 86.9%, endometrial adenocarcinomas was 85.7%, cervical adenocarcinomas was 88.5%). Conclusions :Tumor marker of CK8/CK18 has significantly clinical value in the differential diagnosis of primary endometrial and cervital adenocarcinomas. The combined assays with vimentin+ER+ CK8/CK18+CEA and vimentin+CK8/CK18+CEA were recommended.