嗜铬细胞瘤诊疗对策

Clinical Experience of Pheochromocytomas over 20 Years:A Report of 221 Cases

  • 摘要: 目的: 探讨和比较嗜铬细胞瘤包括不典型和复杂嗜铬细胞瘤的临床特点,总结诊断,鉴别诊断和治疗经验。 方法: 回顾性分析1982年1月~2002年12月221例嗜铬细胞瘤的临床表现,体征,实验室检查,影像学检查和病理检查资料。 结果: 本组病例男99例,女122例;平均年龄43.7岁。3例体检发现肿瘤,15例因消化道症状发现肿瘤,3例于其他疾病随访中发现肿瘤。195例因血压增高发现肿瘤。176例为症状功能性嗜铬细胞瘤,21例为静止型嗜铬细胞瘤,15例为肾上腺外嗜铬细胞瘤(其中8例为多发性嗜铬细胞瘤),17例诊断为多发性嗜铬细胞瘤。13例为恶性嗜铬细胞瘤。 结论: 实验室检查对症状功能性嗜铬细胞瘤的诊断意义较大。影像学检查有助于肾上腺偶发瘤中发现静止型嗜铬细胞瘤。肾上腺外嗜铬细胞瘤常常多发。肾上腺外多发、复发嗜铬细胞瘤有较高的恶变倾向,手术是治疗各种嗜铬细胞瘤的首选方法。

     

    Abstract: Objective :To investigate clinical characteristics of pheochromocytomas, includingatypical and complicated pheochromocytomas and to summarize the experience of diagnosis, differentialdiagnosis and treatment. Methods :Clinical features of manifestation, sign, laboratory test and imaging examinations were retrospectively analyzed in 221 patients with pheochromocytoma. Results :This group included 99 male and 122 female with an average age of 43.7. The tumors were discovered in three pabents by routine examination, 15 by gastrointestinal symptoms, three by follow- up and 105 by hypertension. The symptomatic pheochromocytomas were identified in 176 patients, 21 were static pheochromocytomas, 15 were extra- adrenal pheochromocytomas (8 of them were multiple pheochromocytomas),17 were multiple pheochromocytomas and 13 were confirmed as malignancies in total 221 patients. Conclusions :Laboratory test is essential for symptomatic pheochromocytomas. Imaging examination is important and practical to distinguish static pheochromocytoma from incidentalomas. Extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas are often multicentric and have greater malignant potential. Recurrence rate is high in extra-adrenal and multicentric pheochromocytomas. Extra-adrenal, multicentric and recurrentpheochromocytomas have high potential malignancy. Sur cal removal of tumor is the choice of treat-ment for all types of pheochromocytomas.

     

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