Abstract: Objective: To investigate the clinical biological profiles, pathological diagnosis andtreatment of verruciform xanthoma of the oral mucosa.Methods: The clinicopathological data of 6 caseswith verruciform xanthoma of the oral mucosa were retrospectively analyzed, with follow- up.Results:Five patients were misdiagnosed before the operation. They were confirmed with intraoperative rapidpathological diagnosis and routine postoperative pathological diagnosis. The effective treatment was lo-cal excision. No case with recurrence or canceration was found in the follow-up.Conclusions: Misdiag-nosis is common on the verruciform xanthoma. Application of the rapid pathological diagnosis duringoperation is needed when the suspectable malignancy occurs for fear of overtreatment. The prognosis isfavourable after local excision.