Abstract: Objective: To compare the curative effect and safety of Docetaxel with that of the Vinorelbine plus Cisplatin regimen for first -line therapy of advanced non -small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Sixty-seven patients with advanced NSCLC were divided into 2 groups, i.e., the Docetaxcel and Vinorelbine groups. In the Docetaxel group, the patients were given docetaxel 37.5mg/ m² on day 1 and day 8, and administration of cisplatin 80mg/m² was divided into 3 days, i.e., day 1 to day 3; In the Vinorelbine group, the patients were administered Vinorelbine 25 mg/m² on day 1 and day 8. The dose of cisplatin was as above. Results: The response rate of the Docetaxel and Vinorelbine groups was 50% and 25.7%, respectively. The 1-year survival rate reached 46.9% in the Docetaxel group and 31.4% in the Vinorelbine group, and the 2-year survival rate in the 2 groups reached 15.6% and 11.4% (P<0.05), respectively. The major toxic effects included myelosuppression, nausea and vomiting. Conclusion: A reasonable efficacy and longer survival time are shown in the Docetaxel group compared to the Vinorelbine plus cisplatin group in the treatment of advanced NSCLC.