Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the diagnosis and treatment of primary epididymal tumor.Methods: Clinical data of 27 cases with primary epididymal tumor were reviewed. Results: Of the 27 cases diagnosed, 24 were benign minor tumors and 3 were malignant tumors according to the histopathological examination. Tumor excision, epididymectomy, orchidoepididymectomy and radical orchidoepididymectomy with retroperitoneal lymph node dissection were used in 16, 8, 1, and 2 patients,respectively. Conclusions: B ultrasound plays an important role in diagnosis of primary epididymal tumor. Surgical exploration remains the first choice if primary epididymal tumor is suspected. If the tumor is benign, excision of the tumor or epididymectomy is sufficient. When histopathological diagnosis shows malignancy, radical orchidoepididymectomy with retroperitoneal lymph node dissection should be performed.