Abstract: Objective: To study the expression of COX-2, mPGES-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and their significance in tumor progression and prognosis. Methods: Five Tissue chips were con-structed, which contained HCCs, para-carcinoma cirrhosis tissues, para-carcinoma chronic hepatitist issues and normal liver tissues. The expressions of COX-2, mPGES-1 were determined by immunohis-tochemistry and semi-quantitative image analysis. Results: The expression of both COX-2 andmPGES- 1 in HCCs was higher than that in normal liver tissues (P<0.01), and the COX-2 expression level was lower following histological grade increasing. By contrast, mPGE-1 expression increased fol-lowing tumor progression and disease development. Furthermore, mPGE-1 expression level was higherin the capsule invasion and metastasis tumor than primary locus. We did not detect the statistic signifi-cant correlation between the expression of COX-2 and mPGES- 1 in HCC (r=- 0.13, P>0.05). Conclu-sion: Over-expression of COX-2 and mPGES-1 was associated with the tumorigenesis of HCC and mPGES-1 might play a more important role in the tumor invasion and metastasis process. Thus, target-ing mPGES-1 can be a promising and potent alternative therapeutic strategy for prevention and treat-ment of HCC.