Abstract: Objective :To determine the distribution of p21 Ser31Arg polymorphism and correlatethis polymorphism to genetic susceptibility to cervical carcinoma in Uygur women in Xinjiang. Meth-Ods :PCR, semi-nested PCR and PCR-RFLP were performed to detect the p21 Ser31Arg genotype dis-tribution in 100 cases of cervical carcinoma and 100 normal cases. Results :1) The frequency of Arg/Arg, Ser/Ser and Arg/Ser was 13.0%, 38.0% and 49.0%, respectively, in the cervical carcinoma casesand 10.0%, 39.0% and 51%, respectively, in the control cases. Differences in genotype frequencies be-tween the cervical carcinomas and the controls was not statistically significant (χ² = 0.444, P>0.05). 2)The genotype frequencies in well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma were significantly differentfrom those found in poorly-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (χ² =6.560, P=0.038). 3) No signifi-cant difference in p21 Ser31Arg polymorphism frequency was observed across various age groups (χ² =0.341, P>0.05). Conclusion :The p21 Ser31Arg polymorphism may not be associated with cervical car-cinoma in Uygur women in Xinjiang, but multifactorial laminate analysis shows that the different geno-types are related to different types of cervical carcinoma but not related to patient age.