Abstract: Objective: To investigate the different gene expression profiles between conventional chondrosarcoma and dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma by gene chip technology. Methods: mRNA was extracted from pathologically confirmed conventional chondrosarcoma and dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma tissues and reverse transcribed into cDNA. Fluorescent labeling provided reliable signals after hybridization of the oligonucleotide microarray with normal articular cartilage tissues as the control. By scanning the fluorescent signal with computerized normalization and standardization, the fluorescence signal was further statistically analyzed by Gene-array software and the output data represented the different expression levels of all targeted genes between the testing tissue samples and the control samples. Results: There were 31 genes with expression that showed a statistically significant difference between the conventional chondrosarcoma and dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma tissues, in which 14 genes were upregulated and 17 genes were downregulated. Conclusion: Differences in gene expression profiles between conventional chondrosarcoma and dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma were obvious. The differentially expressed genes were involved in the TGT signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, IHH / PThRP axis and apoptosis pathway, and there were some genes with unknown functions.