Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the disease that threaten human life and health, and its morbidity and mortality are increasing annually. It has the characteristics of rapid development, high invasiveness, and a high recurrence rate. Most patients present with advanced stage disease at the time of diagnosis, and targeted therapy is the main treatment strategy for advanced HCC in clinical practice. Sorafenib, which was once the only first-line therapeutic agent for unresectable HCC patients, has significant side effects, a low tumor response rate, and does not improve the overall survival of hepatitis B virus-positive patients. In recent years, a new targeted drug, lenvatinib, has been reported to show good efficacy in the treatment of HCC and has become the second first-line drug after sorafenib. In this article, we review the progress of research on the use of lenvatinib in the treatment of HCC.