Abstract: With the large-scale development of the human brain project globally, human brain connectomics has rapidly developed. Macroscopically, human brain connectomics mainly aims to establish structural and functional connection modes and topological characteristics of the human brain network via imaging and electrophysiological technology and reveal organizational and operational mechanisms of the human brain network in the health and disease states. Currently, human brain connectomics, as an important platform to accurately analyze brain structure and function, has been continuously applied in the fields of the normal development of the nervous system and diseases. This study summarizes the historical development and research progress of human brain connectomics and explores the clinical application and potential challenges of human brain connectomics in glioma.