Abstract: Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4) is a member of the TRAF protein family. As a cytoplasmic linker molecule for signal transduction and a protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, TRAF4 is closely associated with various physiological processes involved in embryonic development, immune and inflammatory responses, regulation of oxidative stress injury, and metabolism. TRAF4 is highly expressed in various tumors and regulates their occurrence and development. Based on the physiological and pathological functions of TRAF4, this paper reviews the relationship between TRAF4 and tumorigenesis and provides a reference for further research regardingthe application of this gene for tumor therapy.