PD-1/PD-L1 抑制剂在肿瘤免疫治疗中的研究进展*

Research progress on PD- 1/PD- L 1 inhibitors in tumor immunotherapy

摘要: 肿瘤免疫治疗是目前肿瘤领域的研究热点，是一种疗效显著的肿瘤治疗模式。程序性死亡受体PD- 1（programmed cell death-1）是一种重要的免疫抑制分子，主要在激活的T 细胞和B 细胞中表达。肿瘤细胞中高表达PD- 1 的配体PD-L1，导致肿瘤微环境中PD- 1 通路持续激活。PD- 1/PD-L 1 抑制剂可以阻断PD- 1 与PD-L1 的结合，阻断负向调控信号，使T 细胞恢复活性，从而增强免疫应答。近期研究发现PD- 1 和PD-L1 的抑制剂在多种肿瘤类型中疗效显著。本文对PD- 1/PD-L 1 抑制剂的现况及其对不同肿瘤类型临床疗效的研究进展进行综述。

Abstract: Tumor immunotherapy is highlighted in tumor studies and has a remarkable curative effect on tumors. Programmed cell death-1 (PD- 1), which is mainly expressed in activated T and B cells, is an important immune inhibitory molecule. Its ligand PD-L1 could be highly expressed in cancer cells, and the PD-1 pathway shows sustained activation in a tumor micro-environment. PD-1/ PD- L1 inhibitors can block the combination of PD- 1 and PD- L1, inhibit negative to regulatory signals, and restore the activity of T cells, thereby enhancing immune response. Recent studies showed that PD- 1 and PD-L1 inhibitors have been effective in many tumor types. This review summarizes PD-1/PD-L 1 inhibitors and their clinical effects on different tumor types.