Abstract: With continuous development of molecular diagnosis, "precision treatment" has entered the therapeutic category for malignant tumors, and targeted gene therapy has been an intense research topic in recent years. Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor that develops during childhood. Studies show that many genes, such as TIAM1, are involved in the development and progression of neuroblastoma. TIAM1 mainly combines with RAC1 to activate downstream factors that mediate differentiation via the TrkA/TIAM1/RAC1 signaling pathway, which is involved in the regulation of neurite. Therefore, further studies and experiments may reveal the specific mechanisms and provide a new direction for the future treatment and development of neuroblastoma.