Abstract: Surgical tumor excision is a cornerstone of primary cancer treatment, and persistent postoperative pain is common after most surgical procedures. Surgical trauma and pain can cause inflammation, hypothalamic-pituitary axis activation, and sympathetic system over-reactivity. These factors, acting either separately or in combination, affect anti-tumor immunity and promote postoperative immunosuppression. Effective management of perioperative pain may help to modulate the unwanted consequences of the stress response on the immune system and improve outcomes. Based on the recent literature and clinical studies, experts from The Society of Oncological Anesthesia and Analgesia, Chinese Anti-Cancer Association have developed this consensus on the perioperative pain management of cancer patients in China (2020 edition). This consensus aims to provide evidence-based clinical recommendations for the acute pain management of cancer patients postoperatively. It does not apply to chronic pain or pain caused by cancer.