Abstract: Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) is a common adverse reaction induced by chemotherapy, and its incidence is related to tumor type, therapeutic regimen, and duration of chemotherapy, etc. CIT may lead to dose reduction, delayed chemotherapy administration, and increased application of platelet transfusion, which increase the cost of treatment and reduces the efficacy of chemotherapy, resulting in a poor quality of life and prognosis. The main treatments of CIT include platelet transfusions and plateletstimulating factor injection. Primary and secondary preventions among high-risk patients may help reduce the incidence and severity of CIT. Based on a review of the literature and clinical trials, the expert committee of the China Anti-Cancer Association issued this consensus, aiming to support Chinese oncologists on the diagnosis and treatment of CIT in China.